A Biased View of Understanding Spinal Anatomy: Overview of the Spine

The posterior longitudinal ligament (PLL) pays for only weak midline reinforcement, specifically at L4-5 and L5-S1, as it is a narrow structure connected to the annulus. The anterior and middle fibers of the annulus are most various anteriorly and laterally but deficient posteriorly, where the majority of the fibers are connected to the cartilage plate.

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The anterior column (black dotted line) consists of the anterior spinal ligament, the anterior annulus fibrosus (AF), the intervertebral disc, and the anterior two thirds of the vertebral bodies. The middle column (red dotted line) consists of the posterior aspect of the vertebral bodies, the posterior annulus fibrosus, and the posterior longitudinal ligament (PLL).

ALL = anterior longitudinal ligament; ISL = interspinous ligament; LF = ligamentum flavum; NP = nucleus pulposus; SSL = supraspinous ligament. The annular fibers are strongly connected to the vertebral bodies and are arranged in lamellae. This annular plan allows restricting vertebral movements, enhanced by investing ligaments. Lumbar Vertebral Ligaments The ALL covers the forward surfaces of back vertebral bodies and discs.

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The ALL maintains the stability of the joints and limitations extension. The PLL is located within the vertebral canal over the posterior surface area of the vertebral bodies and discs. It operates to limit flexion of the vertebral column, other than at the lower L-spine, where it is narrow and weak. The supraspinous ligament joins the suggestions of the spinous procedures of adjacent vertebrae from L1-L3.

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Often described together as the interspinous/supraspinous ligament complex, they weakly withstand spinal separation and flexion. The ligamentum flavum (LF) bridges the interlaminar period, connecting to the interspinous ligament medially and the facet pill laterally, forming the posterior wall of the vertebral canal. It has a broad accessory to the undersurface of the exceptional lamina and inserts onto the leading edge of the inferior lamina.

It maintains continuous disc stress. The intertransverse ligament signs up with the transverse processes of nearby vertebrae and resists lateral flexing of the trunk.  Full Article  emerges from the idea of the L5 transverse process and connects to the posterior part of the inner lip of the iliac crest. It assists the lateral lumbosacral ligament and the ligaments pointed out above stabilize the lumbosacral joint (see the following images).